I worked with an AP engineer yesterday to configure 2 APs, one of the APs didnt get the power at the beginning, the engineer forcely enabled PoE feature on the Switch, then it was powered on and working properly, he told me not to connect any non-PoE device to the cable connected to the AP or the device might be destroied by the current, because generally the Swith will automaticlly detect the device type firstly when it was connected to confirm if it supports PoE, if not, the Switch will not provide the power to it. But if you forcely enable the PoE feature on the specific Switch port, the port will provide the power to the device weither it supports PoE or not, so it might destroy the device. It is the first time I heared about this, so I checked Wikipedia and some other websites, I listed it as below for the record:
PoE,Power over Ethernet describes any of several standardized or ad-hoc systems which pass electric power along with data on twisted pair Ethernet cabling. This allows a single cable to provide both data connection and electric power to devices such as wireless access points, IP cameras, and VoIP phones.
PSE,Power sourcing equipment, is a device such as a network Switch that provides (or sources) power on the Ethernet cable. The maximum allowed continuous output power per cable in IEEE 802.3af is 15.40 W. A later specification, IEEE 802.3at, offers 25.50 W.
When the device is a switch, it is commonly called an endspan (although IEEE 802.3af refers to it as endpoint). Otherwise, if it's an intermediary device between a non PoE capable switch and a PoE device, it's called a midspan. An external PoE injector is a midspan device.
PD,Powered Device , is a device powered by a PSE and thus consumes energy. Examples include wireless access points, IP Phones, and IP Cameras.
Many powered devices have an auxiliary power connector for an optional, external, power supply. Depending on the PD design, some, none, or all power can be supplied from the auxiliary port,with the auxiliary port sometimes acting as backup power in case of PoE supplied power failure.
Below is the 802.3af Standards A and B from the power sourcing equipment perspective
Below is copied for the website
POE (Power Over Ethernet)POE 也被称为基于局域网的供电系统(PoL, Powerover LAN ) 或有源以太网 ( Active Ethernet),有时也被简称为以太网供电,指的是在现有的以太网Cat.5布线基础架构不作任何改动的情况下,在为一些基于IP的终端(如IP电话 机、无线局域网接入点AP、网络摄像机等)传输数据信号的同时,还能为此类设备提供直流供电的技术。POE技术能在确保现有结构化布线安全的同时保证现有网络的正常运作,最大限度地降低成本。
市场大众应用--POE 交换机:POE交换机就是除了能提供普通交换机所具有的传输功能,还能给网线的另一端设备提供供电功能。供电+数据传输一体化,不需要另加供电模块或者 POE供电模块为设备供电,一根Cat.5线完成所有工作。
POE交换机是一款专为减少网络阻塞、支持长距离网络供电、实现数据转换POE交换机,它既具 有交换机的基本功能同时支持POE供电。每个POE供电口可以最大提供(IEEE 802.3af规范15.4W、IEEE 802.3at规范30W)的功率,可以为无线AP、IP摄像机、网络远程设备等供电,即插即用,提供了低费用和高性能的网络解决方案。可传送距离可达100m,(非标准Cat.5网线建议控制在70米以内)安装简单,即插即用。非常适合无线覆盖、安防监控等环境使用。
POE的两种供电方法:
1、POE供电末端跨接法(End-Span)所用线序数据脚:1/2(任意极性),3/6(任意极性 )和4/5(+),7/8(-) 双供电模式。
2、POE供电中间跨接法(Mid-Span)所用线序空闲脚:4/5(+),7/8(-)
POE 供电"标准"与"非标准"的使用区别:
标准POE: 依照IEEE802.3af/at规范制定,需要先侦测受电端25K特征电阻,进行握手,握手成功,才供电(36V~57V);否则仅通数据(data)。
举例:将POE供电器插到计算机网卡,不会烧毁计算机网卡仅可以正常上网因为数据可通过。
非标准POE:也叫强供型,交流电一通电即供电;非先侦测受电端,不进行握手,直接供电(0V~57V)。
举例: 将POE供电器插到计算机网卡,可以正常上网,但是不协商直接供电,有较低的几率可能会烧毁设备网卡。
市面上大体分48V、24V和12V等几种输出电压(DC)
注意:POE交换机的“标准”和“非标准”中最大的内在区别在于是否具有握手侦测功能,其次标准POE的PD(通俗理解受电端或受电模块)输入电压肯定在36V~57V之间,低于此输出电压范围的必然都是非标准POE供电交换机,但是在36V~57V的输出电压内也可能有非标准POE供电交换机(只不过不进行握手即供电),标准POE交换机和非标准POE交换机供电线序没有强制定义,什么都可以的,主要看受电端是什么线序受电,才买什么样供电线序的POE交换机。
所以您在购买POE交换机时请询问以下几点:(包含POE交换机和AP或其他受电端这两对象相关对应信息),个人经验总结,希望对您有帮助。
1、AP(受电端)和POE交换机的POE供电是标准和非标准都支持,还是只支持某一项?这时有些厂家会告诉您是支持标准POE供电的,但是您一问支持非标准POE吗?对方会说不建议,不建议不是不支持,请您注意,不建议其实也是支持的,只是对方会怕您误接入非受电设备烧坏设备网卡找他们理赔,其实非标准POE和标准POE对于受电设备没有区别,非标比标准还便宜,而且这个问题对受电端接入没有影响,一般受电设备没有对标准和非标准,也就是是否握手有要求)
2、AP(受电端)和POE交换机的供电线脚是什么?现在一般都是1236和4578兼容的了,但是个别的设备供电方法只是4578,如果此时您的POE交换机是1236的供电线序,则您的设备无法受电,无法正常启动,还可能造成两端都有可能烧毁网卡。
3、AP(受电端)和POE交换机的电压一定要对应上,别AP是24V的,您却买了48V的POE交换机。这时POE交换机支持标准POE供电还好,POE供电交换机会跟AP协商他们的电压输出或不输出电压,但是如果接入非标准POE供电交换机,那么可能造成两端设备都有可能烧毁网卡。
4、POE交换机的变压器的参数,如48V--2A,那么这个交换机的整体功率就是96W,如果是8+1×××换机,则全部接满AP的情况下,每口平均最大输出功率为12W,那么您一定要问清楚AP或其他受电设备的最大功耗是多少瓦(W),小于12W,您的AP才能在此POE交换机下正常使用。